NEET PG High Yield Questions for PSM

Mastering the NEET PG demands a strategic approach to preparation, with an emphasis on high-yield topics proving to be a successful tactic. This blog zeroes in on exactly that – a curated list of high-yield questions in PSM that are highly likely to appear on the NEET PG. By acquainting yourself with these questions and their detailed explanations, you'll deepen your understanding of PSM concepts, enhancing your confidence and readiness for exam day.

1.A 35-year-old engineer recently secured a job at a manufacturing plant. He undergoes a medical examination as part of the company's policy after being hired. What level of prevention does the examination represent?

A. Primordial Prevention

B. Primary Prevention

C. Secondary Prevention

D. Tertiary Prevention

Correct Option C - Secondary Prevention:

• The engineer undergoes a medical examination after being hired (post-placement examination), which aims to detect any existing health issues that may not yet have caused symptoms but could lead to complications if left untreated. It is a form of secondary prevention.

Incorrect Options:

Option A - Primordial Prevention: Primordial prevention aims to prevent the emergence or development of risk factors.

Option B - Primary Prevention: Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of disease by addressing risk factors before the disease develops. It includes a pre-placement examination, not a post-placement examination.

Option D - Tertiary Prevention: Tertiary prevention focuses on limiting the impact of established diseases by preventing further complications or disabilities. The medical examination in this scenario is conducted before any complications have occurred, so it does not fall under tertiary prevention.

2. Which study design is shown in the image given below?

A. Concurrent parallel trial

B. Cross over trial

C. Two-by-two factorial design

D. Two-by-two-by-two factorial design

Correct Option B - Cross-over trial:

• The study design layout involves participants progressing through trial phases, receiving multiple interventions in sequence with a washout period to minimize carryover effects.

Incorrect Options:

Option A - Concurrent parallel trial:

• Two randomly assigned study and control groups are compared. Study subjects remain in the same group (study or control group) for the total duration of the investigation.

Option C - Two-by-two factorial design:

• The subjects are first randomized to treatment arm A or B to address one hypothesis and thereafter within each group, there is further randomization to treatments X or Y for evaluation of the second hypothesis.

Option D - Two-by-two-by-two factorial design:

• It is an extension of the two-by-two study design in which each subgroup is further randomized into two more groups.

3. A study was conducted to assess the prevalence of diabetes in three different age groups (20-30 years, 31-50 years, and over 50 years) within a community. Health workers visited each household, collected information on age and diabetes status, and compared the prevalence across the age groups. What type of study design is represented here?

A. Cohort study

B. Cross-sectional study

C. Case-control study

D. Longitudinal study

Correct Option B - Cross-sectional study: 

• This study design collects data from a population at a single point in time to examine relationships between variables like age and disease prevalence, as seen in the assessment of diabetes prevalence across age groups.

Incorrect Options:

Option A - Cohort study: Follows individuals over time to observe factors influencing outcome development.

Option C - Case-control study: Compares individuals with and without a condition to identify associated factors.

Option D - Longitudinal study: Collects data from the same subjects over time.

4. A public health worker is conducting a survey to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in a rural village. The worker uses a digital blood pressure monitor to measure the blood pressure of 50 randomly selected individuals from the village. The readings are recorded and analyzed. The following image shows the precision and accuracy of the blood pressure monitor. What is the correct interpretation?

A. Accurate, precise

B. Not accurate, precise

C. Accurate, not precise

D. Not accurate, not precise

Correct Option B - Not accurate, precise:

• The measurements are precise (clustered closely together), but they are not accurate (deviate from the true value).

Incorrect Options:

Option A - Accurate, precise: Both accuracy and precision are not demonstrated as the measurements deviate from the true value.

Option C - Accurate, not precise: Accuracy is not demonstrated as the measurements deviate from the true value, and precision is demonstrated as the measurements are clustered closely together.

Option D - Not accurate, not precise: Precision is demonstrated as the measurements are clustered closely together, but accuracy is not demonstrated as the measurements deviate from the true value.

5. You are a demographer conducting research on population dynamics in India. India has recently undergone significant socio-economic changes, including improvements in healthcare, education, and infrastructure. As part of your study, you decide to investigate the trends in the crude birth rate (CBR) and its potential implications for the country's future. Which of the following is false about the Crude birth rate? 

A. The total number of live births in a year per 1000 estimated mid-year population.

B. India's current CBR is 19.5/1000 MYP

C. Rough measure of fertility, it gives birth rates, and not everyone in the denominator is exposed to childbirth.

D. Gives fertility trends of a country.

Correct Option D- Gives fertility trends of a country:

• This is incorrect because the fertility trends of a country are given by ASFR (Age Specific Fertility Rate).

Incorrect Options:

Option A- The total number of live births in a year per 1000 estimated mid-year population:

Option B - India's current CBR is 19.5/1000 MYP:

Option C- Rough measure of fertility, it gives birth rates, and not everyone in the denominator is exposed to childbirth:

• These are correct statements about the Crude birth rate.

Also Read: NEET PG Previous Year Question Papers of Last 6 Years

6. A 2-year-old male child was brought to the clinic for routine evaluation. On examination, the baby is thinly built and his weight for his age is 77%. Which of the following is the degree of malnutrition according to the Gomez classification?

1. Normal
2. First degree
3. Second degree
4. Third degree

Correct Option B - First degree

• When the weight for age is 77%, it belongs to the first degree of the Gomez classification.
• Other classifications that are used to assess malnutrition status are:
  • Waterlow's classification
  • Welcome Trust Classification

Incorrect Options:

Option A - Normal:

• When the weight for age is between 91-100%, the child is normal.

Option C - Second degree:

• When the weight for age is between 61-75%, the child has second-degree malnutrition.

Option D - Third degree:

• When the weight for age is below 60%, the child has third-degree malnutrition.

7. The following condition is caused by a deficiency of?

A. Essential fatty acids

B. Vitamin D

C. Vitamin E

D. Vitamin A

Correct Option A - Essential fatty acids:

• Phrynoderma is a skin condition characterized by rough, scaly skin resembling the texture of a toad's skin.
• It can occur due to a deficiency in essential fatty acids, which are crucial for maintaining healthy skin.

Incorrect Options:

Option B, C and D as given above

8. A 40-year-old male presents to the community health center complaining of hearing loss. Upon examination, you suspect noise-induced hearing loss due to his occupation as a heavy machinery operator. You decide to perform an evaluation. Which of the following devices is depicted in the image and is most appropriate for assessing his hearing?

A. Audiometer

B. Noise dosimeter

C. Handheld microphone

D. Octave band analyzer

Correct Option A- Audiometer:

• The image is of an audiometer.
• An audiometer is a device used to evaluate a person's hearing sensitivity across different frequencies.
• It typically consists of headphones for the patient to wear and a control panel for the healthcare provider to adjust the frequency and intensity of the sounds being presented to the patient.
• The audiometer is essential for diagnosing various types and degrees of hearing loss by measuring the patient's hearing thresholds.

Incorrect Options:

Option B- Noise dosimeter:

• A noise dosimeter is a device used to measure and record the noise exposure of an individual over a period of time, typically in an occupational setting.
• It is worn by the individual and calculates the cumulative noise dose received, which is useful for assessing the risk of noise-induced hearing loss over time.
• While important for evaluating the risk of hearing loss in occupations with high noise exposure, it is not used for direct assessment of hearing sensitivity like an audiometer.

Option C- Handheld microphone:

• A handheld microphone is a handheld device with a microphone.
• It is used to measure the intensity of sound in decibels.

Option D- Octave band analyzer:

• An octave band analyzer is a device used to measure the frequency spectrum of sound, typically in octave or fractional octave bands.
• It is useful for analyzing the characteristics of noise sources, such as machinery or environmental noise, by breaking down the sound into its component frequencies.
• While it can provide valuable information about the frequency content of noise, it is not used to assess hearing sensitivity like an audiometer directly.

9. Where is the headquarters of the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (WHO/Europe) located?

A. Geneva

B. Copenhagen

C. Bern

D. Milan

Correct Option B – Copenhagen:

• Copenhagen, Denmark, is the headquarters of the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (WHO/Europe).
• This office supports 53 countries, including several in Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and the Caucasus region, in addressing health challenges and promoting public health.

Incorrect Options

Option A - Geneva:

• Geneva, Switzerland, is the headquarters of the World Health Organization (WHO). It serves as the focal point for coordinating health initiatives, responses to outbreaks, and policy development for the world.

Option C - Bern:

• Bern is not the headquarters of WHO/Europe. Bern is the capital city of Switzerland, but it does not house any major international health organizations or WHO regional offices.

Option D - Milan:

• Milan is not the headquarters of WHO/Europe. Milan is a prominent city in Italy but does not host any WHO regional offices.

10. A community medicine professor is delivering a lecture to a group of third-year medical students on the importance of sanitation in preventing the spread of communicable diseases. During the lecture, she mentions various aspects of effective teaching methods. Which among the following is an incorrect statement about a Lecture?

A. Also known as the chalk-and-talk method

B. Theoretically, it is one-way or didactic

C. The size of the group should be not more than 50 people

D. The duration of the lecture should be 15- 20 minutes

Correct Option C - The size of the group should not be more than 50 people:

• While smaller group sizes can facilitate better interaction and engagement, there is no strict rule regarding the maximum size of a lecture group.
• However, in general, the size of the group should not be more than 30 people (ideally).
• In some cases, lectures may be delivered to much larger audiences, especially in settings like conferences or seminars.

Incorrect Options:

Option A - Also known as the chalk-and-talk method:

• The term "chalk-and-talk" refers to the traditional method of teaching where the instructor uses a chalkboard or whiteboard to deliver the lecture content.

Option B - Theoretically, it is one-way or didactic:

• In a lecture format, the instructor typically presents information in a one-way manner to the audience without much interaction or feedback.

Option D - The duration of the lecture should be 15- 20 minutes:

• While shorter lectures can help maintain attention and focus, the duration of a lecture can vary depending on the complexity of the topic and the audience's attention span.
• Lectures can range from a few minutes to several hours, with some spanning multiple sessions.
• The ideal duration, however, is 15-20 minutes.

Also Read: NEET PG Previous Year Question Papers of Last 6 Years

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