Delayed Sleep Phase: Causes, Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Treatment

A sleep disorder called delayed sleep phase can interfere with the circadian rhythm, which is the body's internal clock. A minimum of two hours is lost in sleep patterns for those with this sleep problem compared to someone without it. Their bedtimes and wake-up times are delayed. That is why it is challenging to get up for work or school on time. A disorder known as delayed sleep-wake phase is another term for delayed sleep phase.

The use of light therapy, melatonin supplementation, and sleep hygiene modifications are possible treatment approaches.

Causes Of Delayed Sleep Phase

When someone's internal clock is out of sync with their environment, it results in a delayed sleep phase. Your body clock can be programmed to tell you when to wake and when to sleep. Your circadian rhythm, which is your internal clock, has a 24-hour cycle. Environmental signals affect the sleep-wake cycle. Light, dark, movement and eating are some examples of these cues.

What causes the delayed sleep phase is unknown. On the other hand, teenagers' circadian cycles might be naturally accelerated. If you remain up late doing homework, watching TV, or surfing the web, the sleep delay can get worse.

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Symptoms Of  Delayed Sleep Phase

A delayed sleep phase causes a person to go to sleep and wake up later than they would prefer. The difference between the times of sleep and waking is at least two hours and at most three to six hours. People who experience a delayed sleep phase, for instance, might often go to bed at three in the morning and wake up at ten in the morning.

None of the symptoms go gone. Years often elapse between them, but at least three months do. These are a few possible symptoms:

• A regular bedtime is not necessary for insomnia to occur.
• Challenging to get out of bed in the morning to go to work or school.
• Extreme fatigue throughout the day.
• A challenge to maintain alertness during the day.

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Risk Factors Of Delayed Sleep Phase

Any age of child or adult can have a delayed sleep phase. However, teens and young adults are more prone to have sleep phases that are delayed.

Diagnosis Of Delayed Sleep Phase

Your family and medical history are reviewed by a healthcare professional to diagnose the delayed sleep phase, also called delayed sleep-wake phase disorder. A physical examination is an additional option.

You may need to do several tests to determine the delayed sleep phase or any related issues. These tests may include:

• Actigraphy: Throughout several days, this test logs your hours of wakefulness and sleep. Throughout the test, a small motion-detector device is worn on your wrist. The device may also monitor exposure to light.
• Sleep journal: It might be necessary to keep a sleep log for at least one week. Keeping a daily sleep and wake-time journal will help you better understand your sleep pattern.
• Another term for polysomnography is sleep study: If there is a possibility that you have another sleep disorder, a sleep study may be required. For this exam, you stay the night in a sleep center. Polysomnography monitors your breathing, heart rate, oxygen saturation, eye movements, and brain activity as you sleep.

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Treatment Of Delayed Sleep Phase

A treatment plan that can assist you in adjusting your wake and sleep schedules is created in collaboration with a medical professional.

Some possible components of your plan are:

• Improving the sleep cycle: Making changes to your lifestyle can help your sleeping patterns. This practice is known as sleep hygiene. Go to bed and wake up at the same times every day to maintain a regular sleep schedule, especially on the weekends. Stay away from caffeine and alcohol immediately before bedtime. Avoid tobacco products as well.
• Exercise during the day, will also improve your quality of sleep; however, you should exercise no less than two hours before bed. Eliminating mentally taxing activities just before bedtime is also advantageous. It is only appropriate that you have sex and sleep in your bedroom.
• Melatonin-containing supplements: Melatonin is one hormone that has an impact on the sleep-wake cycle. You might be advised to take a melatonin pill early in the evening. This helps adjust your circadian cycle, allowing you to go to sleep earlier.
• Luminous treatment: You can adjust your circadian rhythm by using a light box to expose yourself to light first thing in the morning.
• Chronotherapy: For certain people, doctors may suggest a sleep schedule that includes an hourly or two-and-a-half bedtime delay every six days. This is carried out until the scheduled bedtime. You must adhere to your sleep schedule once you've established it.

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