Last 5 Years PYQ's in Anesthesia for NEET PG

Q1. A patient presented with headache, vomiting, and fever. Meningitis was suspected. While performing a lumbar puncture, which is the last structure you will pierce just before entering the lumbar cistern?

1. Ligamentum flavum
2. Dura mater
3. Arachnoid membrane
4. Pia mater

Ans. 3) Arachnoid membrane

Explanation:

While entering the lumbar cistern, the last structure you puncture is the arachnoid membrane. This is because it is the innermost layer.

Also read: Drugs included in Local Anaesthetics

Q2. A young male patient was given a regional block with 0.25% bupropion for a minor surgical procedure. Shortly after the injection, the patient suddenly became unresponsive and the pulse was not recordable. Which of the following would be the best course of management for this patient?

1. CPR with 20% intralipid
2. CPR with sodium bicarbonate
3. CPR with dobutamine
4. CPR with calcium

Ans. 1) CPR with 20% intralipid

Explanation:

The symptoms exhibited by the patient are of local anesthesia systemic toxicity, LAST, which is best treated with CPR with 20% intralipid.

Q3. What is the specific action being demonstrated in the provided image?

1. Head tilt, chin lift
2. Jaw thrust
3. Head extension
4. In-line manual stabilisation

Ans. 1) Head tilt, chin lift

Explanation:

In this image, the maneuvers being performed are head tilt and chin tilt, where the patient's head is inclined backward and the chin is tilted upwards.

Also read: Regional Anesthesia: Types, Instruments and Side Effects

Q4. Identify the mask in the image used for patients with COVID-19 infection.

1. Venturi mask
2. Hudson mask
3. Nebuliser
4. Non-rebreathing mask

Ans. 4) Non-Rebreathing Mask

Explanation:

• The Non-Rebreathing Mask (NRB) is a type of oxygen mask frequently used in medical settings to provide high oxygen concentration to the patient. 
• This mask provides the highest concentration of oxygen at a flow rate of 6 to 15 liters/min.
• It is sometimes called a demand oxygen mask or a partial non-rebreather mask. The NRB mask consists of a face mask that covers the patient's mouth and nose, connected to an oxygen reservoir bag. 
• The patient can breathe in pure oxygen because of the reservoir bag, which boosts the amount of oxygen in the bloodstream and facilitates better breathing. Therefore, the mask used for patients with COVID-19 infection is the non-rebreathing mask.

Q5. What is the mechanism of action of the curare group of muscle relaxants?

1. Persistently depolarizing at neuromuscular junction
2. Competitively blocking the binding of ACh to its receptors
3. Repetitive stimulation of ACh receptors on muscle endplate
4. Inhibiting the calcium channels on presynaptic membrane

Ans. 2) Competitively blocking the binding of ACh to its receptors

Explanation:

These drugs competitively bind to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, preventing the binding of acetylcholine (ACh) and thereby inhibiting muscle contraction.

Also read: Categories of Oxygen Therapy: Low-Flow vs High-Flow Systems

Q6. Which of the following intravenous anesthetics does not result in myocardial depression?

1. Etomidate
2. Propofol
3. Thiopentone
4. Ketamine

Ans. 1) Etomidate

Explanation:

Etomidate: No effect on BP Cardiac output or coronary perfusion

Q7. Which of the following is not used for induction of anesthesia in pediatric patients?

1. Halothane
2. Sevoflurane
3. Desflurane
4. Nitrous oxide

Ans. 3) Desflurane

Explanation:

• Desflurane is not commonly used for the induction of anesthesia in pediatric patients.
• It is mainly used for the maintenance of anesthesia due to its pungent odor and potential airway irritation during induction

Also read: OPIOIDS: Classification, Pharmacokinetics

Q8. Which of the following agents does not elicit pain on injection?

1. Ketamine
2. Propofol
3. Etomidate
4. Thiopentone

Ans. 1) Ketamine

​Explanation:

Ketamine is known for its unique pharmacological properties, including its analgesic effects. It has a less painful injection compared to other intravenous agents.

Q9. When do you put a victim in the following position?​​

1. Conscious patient with pulse & breathing present.
2. Unconscious patient with pulse & breathing present.
3. Unconscious patient with pulse present but no breathing.
4. Unconscious patient without pulse but breathing present.

Ans. 2) Unconscious patient with pulse and breathing present

​Explanation:

The given image shows the recovery position and is used for an unconscious patient who is breathing and has a pulse. This position helps keep the airway open and allows any fluids to drain, reducing the risk of airway obstruction.

Also read: Intravenous Anesthetic Agents: Opioids, Non-Opioids

Q10. What is the typical pressure setting for the valve in a Mapleson circuit?

1. 10-20 mmHg
2. 30-40 mmHg
3. 10-20 cm H2O
4. 30-40 cm H2O

Ans. 4) 30-40 cm H2O

Explanation:

• The typical pressure setting for the adjustable pressure-limiting (APL) valve in a Mapleson circuit is 30-40 cm H2O.

Q11. A 25-year-old patient undergoing orthopedic surgery who underwent general anesthesia suddenly developed a rise in EtCO2, temperature, and also muscle rigidity. Which of the following drugs leads to such complications?

1. Propofol
2. Nitrous oxide
3. Etomidate
4. Halothane

Ans. 4) Halothane

​Explanation:

• The scenario describes malignant hyperthermia, a life-threatening reaction to certain anesthetic agents, including halothane. It is characterized by increased EtCO2, hyperthermia, and muscle rigidity.

Also read: Cholinergic Drugs (Sympathetic & Parasympathetic system)

Q12. In the given capnograph, what does the marked area denote?​​

1. Expiratory upstroke
2. Alveolar Plateau
3. Inspiratory downstroke
4. Inspiratory baseline

Ans. 2) Alveolar Plateau

​Explanation:

In a normal capnograph, the marked area represents the alveolar plateau phase. This is the flat part of the capnograph, indicating constant exhalation of CO2.

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