Last 5 Year PYQs in FMT for FMGE

Q1. What is the substance identified by Barberio's test, which was conducted on the stains from a sexual assault incident involving an 18-year-old female and a 20-year-old male?

1. Spermine
2. Acid phosphatase
3. Choline
4. Fructose​

 Ans. 1) Spermine

• Barberio’s Test is used to detect spermine crystals using picric acid. Spermine is an important component of prostatic secretion and is found in semen. On adding picric acid to the sample, yellow needle-shaped (rhombic) crystals are seen (also called spermine picrate crystals).​

Also read: Last 5 Year PYQs in Anatomy for FMGE

Q2. ​What is the term for a child born when a woman pretends to be pregnant and later uses the child to extort a man?

1. Supposititious child
2. Superfecundation
3. Posthumous child
4. Superfetation

Ans. 2) Supposititious child

A supposititious child, fictitious child, or substituted child is a fraudulent child that is said to conveniently appear before the people or court to blackmail with intentions of property, money, etc.

Q3. Who will conduct the investigation in the case where a woman, who had been married for 4 years, died and left a suicide note stating that she was subjected to dowry-related torture?

1. Police
2. Village headman
3. Judge
4. Magistrate

Ans. 4) Magistrate

• Usually, the death of a married lady within 7 years of marriage is presumed to be a case of dowry death.
• In this case, even though it is not mentioned that she was tortured for dowry forcing her to suicide, it is still assumed a dowry death.
• Death/suicide from torture/requesting or pressures of dowry is investigated (inquest) by an executive magistrate.

Q4. Which section of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) pertains to cases involving medical negligence?

1. Sec. 301 IPC
2. Sec. 304 B IPC
3. Sec. 304 A IPC
4. Sec. 302 IPC

Ans. 3) Sec. 304 A IPC

• 304A IPC defines punishment for criminal medical negligence as rash, careless, or gross negligence. Punishment includes up to 2 years imprisonment with a fine.

Also read: Last 5 year PYQs in Anesthesia for FMGE

Q5. In a case where a gunshot victim was brought for autopsy, the entry wound displayed margins that were turned inward. Additionally, there was evidence of tattooing around the wound, but no signs of blackening or singeing of hair were observed. Based on this information, what is the likely firing range of the gunshot?

1. Contact shot
2. Near shot
3. Close shot
4. Distant shot

Ans. 2) Near shot

• Although an intermediate distance wound leaves blackening and tattooing but does not leave burging/singeing marks on the gunshot wound, it is not given in the option.
• The next best answer would be a near-gunshot wound.
• This is because near gunshot wounds and intermediate gunshot wounds may or may not have blackening but definitely have tattooing present.

Q6. A patient who was involved in a road traffic accident 20 minutes ago has been brought in for an autopsy. The post-mortem examination indicates rigidity in the neck, upper limbs, and lower limbs, with no signs of initial relaxation. What does this indicate?

1. Rigor mortis
2. Heat stiffness
3. Cadaveric spasm
4. Cold stiffness

Ans. 3) Cadaveric spasm

• Cadaveric spasm occurs due to ATP depletion and is usually seen in accidental cases, in which the person performs sudden physical movements in distress just before death.
• It affects the voluntary group of muscles (legs, neck, eyes) and short group of muscles (hands).
• Aka instantaneous rigor, i.e., occurs immediately after death.
• It is a spasm of a group of voluntary muscles that are used at the time of death.
• It is purely Antemortem Origin
• It cannot be produced artificially
• An important component of cadaveric spasm is the absence of primary relaxation.

Also read: Last 5 Year PYQs in ENT for FMGE​

Q7. Which of the following choices best characterizes the typical symptoms observed in a patient who has been bitten by the snake depicted in the accompanying image?​

1. Non-poisonous, Dry bite
2. Severe edema, Necrosis and Bleeding
3. Severe muscle necrosis, Rhabdomyolysis
4. Ptosis, Paralysis and Amputation

Ans. 4) Bleeding, Paralysis, and Amputation

• The snake in the image is a highly venomous species of snake called Bungarus caerulus, also referred to as the common krait. It causes several neurotoxic symptoms and muscle paralysis.

Neurotoxic symptoms are:

• Ptosis: Most Important and Common Symptom-Dropping of Eyelid
• Diplopia: Paralysis of extraocular muscles.
• Dysphagia: Paralysis of pharyngeal muscles.
• Dysphonia: Paralysis of vocal codes.
• Dysarthria: Paralysis of tongue muscles.
• Dyspnea: Paralysis of respiratory muscles.
• Stridor: respiratory difficulty.
• Descending Paralysis
• Death due to respiratory muscle paralysis leading to respiratory failure.

Q8. What is the term used to describe the unethical practice wherein a doctor receives payment in exchange for referring a patient to a radiologist for a CT scan?

1. Dichotomy
2. Medical maloccurrence
3. Criminal negligence
4. Commission

Ans. 1) Dichotomy

The dichotomous method, in which one doctor refers a patient to another for a fee.

Also read: FMT Clinical and Non-Clinical Practice Questions

Q9. What is the term used to describe a 24-year-old man who presents with an excessive craving for sexual intercourse?

1. Satyriasis
2. Frotteurism
3. Nymphomania
4. Masochism

Ans. 1) Satyriasis

• An excessive or unsatisfied drive for fulfilment is a sexual aberration in men.
• It is also known as Don Juanism.
• It includes both the frequency and impulse urgency for sex. In a real case, the individual appears to be obsessed with one particular sort of fulfillment and bases his entire existence around it.

Q10. In America, Asia, Africa, and Australia, a plant is considered a noxious weed. This weed is thought to be a contributor to allergic respiratory issues, contact dermatitis, and cattle and human mutagenicity. Its allelopathy significantly reduces crop output. Additionally, this weed's aggressive dominance endangers biodiversity. What is this plant?

1. Parthenium hysterophorus
2. Datura stramonium
3. Digitalis purpurea
4. Calotropis gigantea

Ans. 1) Parthenium hysterophorus

• In America, Asia, Africa, and Australia, parthenium hysterophorus is considered a noxious weed.
• Parthenium hysterophorus is an aggressive annual herbaceous weed that is found everywhere. It is now one of the seven most dangerous and destructive weeds in the world.
• P.Hysterophorus affects food and fodder crops because its pollen and dust cause allergic contact dermatitis in people.
• The condition known as dermatitis, which is T cell-mediated immune damage, causes itchy, erythematous papules and papulovesicular lesions on exposed body parts.
• People who are exposed to this plant for an extended length of time experience symptoms such as skin rashes, dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, hay fever, black spots, burning, and eye blisters.
• Additionally, parthenium hysterophorus produces choking, severe papular erythematous rashes, diarrhoea, and dyspnea.

Also read: Regional Injury: Types of Fractures, Intracranial Hemorrhages

Q11. In the case of drowning, the following finding is seen during the autopsy. What is it known as​

1. Cadaveric spasm
2. Cutis anserina
3. Rigor mortis
4. Washerwoman’s hands

Ans. 1) Cadaveric spasm

A condition known as cadaveric spasm occurs when a group of muscles that were actively utilised soon before death suddenly became stiff and inflexible.

• The majority of cases of this "instantaneous rigour" affect the hands, while extremely occasionally cadaveric spasms might affect the entire body.
• It can happen in attacks that end in a struggle, in suicides, in drowning instances, etc. In such an instance, the victim's hand appears stiff and clinched, gripping/grasping the attacker's clothing, buttons, hair, etc., possibly holding the suicide weapon, or holding weeds, gravel, mud, etc. from the water bed.
• It is a specific antemortem finding and is useful for commenting on the method of death, whereas rigour mortis provides information regarding the amount of time since death.​

Q12. Identify the odor produced by the change seen in the image below.:​

1. Odorless
2. Pungent
3. Putrid
4. Offensive

Ans. 1) Odorless

• The change seen in the image is the mummification of the body.
• The bodies, if protected, can be preserved for years, and they are practically odorless.
• Marked dehydration before death favours mummification.
• It takes 3 months to 1 year for the entire body to be mummified.
• The absence of moisture and the continuous action of dry, warm air are necessary for this process.

Also read: Thanatology: Types of Death and Post Mortem Changes

Q13. Identify the post-mortem finding in a patient with a stab wound on the left side of the chest.​

1. Cardiac tamponade
2. Fat necrosis
3. Hemothorax
4. Pulmonary embolism

Ans. 1) Cardiac tamponade

• Cardiac tamponade caused due to stab injury.
• In this condition, blood or fluid collects in the sac surrounding the heart. This prevents the heart ventricles from expanding fully. The excess pressure from the fluid prevents the heart from working properly. As a result, the body does not get enough blood.
• When enough fluid builds up in the pericardial sac, squeezing the heart and causing a decrease in cardiac output and shock, cardiac tamponade, a medical or traumatic emergency, occurs.

Cardiac tamponade can occur due to:

• Dissecting aortic aneurysm (thoracic)
• End-stage lung cancer
• Heart attack (acute MI)
• Heart surgery
• Pericarditis caused by bacterial or viral infections
• Wounds to the heart

Q14. Please describe the test depicted in the image below:​

1. Barberio test
2. Florence test
3. Takayama test
4. Teichmann test

 Ans. 4) Teichmann test

• The Teichmann test is one of the microchemical confirmatory tests used to detect the presence of trace evidence of blood.
• In this test, the sample is made to react with NaCl and glacial acetic acid and then seen under the microscope.
• Presence of brown rhombic crystals indicate the presence of blood stains in the sample. These types of crystals are found due to the formation of hematin chloride.

Also read: Introduction to Medical Ethics - Forensic Medicine

Q15. Which of the following diagnoses gives the hematological picture as given below?

1. Minamata disease
2. Saturnism
3. Chronic iron toxicity
4. Arsenic poisoning

Ans. 2) Saturnism

• Saturnism, also known as chronic lead poisoning, can cause a variety of hematological abnormalities, including anemia, basophilic stippling, and the presence of nucleated red blood cells (RBCs) in the peripheral blood
• In severe cases, lead poisoning can also lead to bone marrow suppression, which can result in pancytopenia.
• However, it is important to note that the hematological picture of lead poisoning can vary depending on the level and duration of exposure, as well as individual factors such as age and nutritional status.

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