Anatomy Of The Heart 

Valves Of Heart

The semilunar nature of both the aortic and pulmonary valves indicates that they are located between the ventricular outflow tract and the major vessels.
The tricuspid valve is present on the right side with the right atrium and the ventricle, and the mitral valve is present on the left side with the left atrium and the ventricle. The valve that sits between the atrium and the ventricle is known as the atrioventricular valve.

Anatomy Of Aortic Valve  

It is a semilunar valve with three cusps and three leaflets: the smaller septal leaflet, the larger anterior leaflet, and the posterior leaflet. The aortic valve lacks a distinct annulus or fibrous ring and originates from the point where the aorta and left ventricle converge. It has aortic sinuses of Valsalva, which are sinuses in the aortic valve located above the bases of three cusps.

Two coronary arteries emerge from these two sinuses; the right coronary cusp, which gives rise to the right coronary artery, is one of these arteries.  The left coronary artery originates from the left coronary cusp.Non-coronary arteries, or those without coronary arteries, emerge from the third cusp.

Commissures are the spaces between the cusps. The body of aranticus, sometimes called the nodule of Aranticus, is a thickening that is located in the center of the valve's free edge.

Relations 

The anterior leaflet of the mitral valve is connected to the commissure that separates the non-coronary sinus from the left coronary cusp.

Also Read: Mitral Stenosis- Clinical Features And Treatment

Anatomy Of Mitral Valve 

 The anterior and posterior leaflets of the mitral valve are linked to a well-developed annulus, or fibrous ring, which is a biscuspid valve.  At the anterolateral and posterolateral commissures, where the leaflets join, the anterior leaflets, which are wider, occupy just one-third of the annulus, while the posterior leaflets, which are longer, occupy a larger portion of the annulus.Subvalvular apparatus supports the tricuspid and mitral valves.

There are fibrous bands called chordae tendineae that extend from the leaflet margin and connect to the left ventricle's papillary muscle. The chordae tendineae connects the anterior papillary muscle to the anterior leaflet, and the posterior papillary muscle to the posterior leaflet. The valve will close as a result of the papillary muscle contracting during systole.

Also Read:

Valvular Heart disease: Types, Causes, Symptoms and Diagnosis

Development of Heart Tube

Relations 

The aortomitral curtain, a right fibrous trigone, and a left fibrous trigone are present in the mitral valve; the anterior leaflet is strongly linked to the commissure between the left and non-coronary sinuses.

The left fibrous trigone and the circumflex artery are closely related.An injury to the circumflex artery may occur during surgery.  Conduction problems may result from damage to the right fibrous trigone, which is intimately linked to the conduction bundle.  The posterior leaflet can sustain damage during surgery, and it is tightly linked to the coronary sinus.

Also Read: Knowing Venous Diseases and How to Treat Them

Hope you found this blog helpful for your Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery preparation. For more informative and interesting posts like these, keep reading PrepLadder’s blogs.